The development of elevators lifts freely

Elevators have been around for more than 150 years. During that time, they have come out in many different shapes: from black and white to color, from straight to diagonal; Technical aspects are constantly improved: handle switch control, button control, signal control, man-machine dialogue and so on.

Today, in any Chinese city, can see the shadow of the elevator, our life because of the application of elevator has been convenient, the accelerated development of China's modernization will not be as the guarantee of it. So, how did the elevator evolve?

In fact, very early on, people began to study how to use primitive tools to transport goods and people vertically. Around 1100 BC, the working people invented a pulley -- a folk device for carrying water. The pulley movement was used to raise and lower the height of goods.

In 236 BC, Archimedes, a famous Greek mathematician, physicist, and philosopher, devised a lifting device consisting of a winch and a pulley. This is the same as the ancient Chinese pulley, which can raise and lower objects. However, the driving force is generally human or livestock, which is quite laborious to use.

In the 19th century, the invention of the steam engine gave rise to a new option for the power of lifting tools, and Europe and the United States began to use it as a driving force. In 1845, William Thomson developed a hydraulically-driven elevator, powered by water. Historically, the pace of elevator innovation has never been broken. Generations of innovative ancestors continue to improve the elevator, but the elevator recognized as universal use is still not out. A key problem of restraining the birth of the elevator is not safe, once the elevator pull up the cable fracture, the load of the platform will crash accident.

Until 1852, the American Elisha Graves Otis developed the world's first safety lift. Two years later, in 1854, he presented his invention to the world for the first time at the Great Exhibition held at the Crystal Palace in New York.

The show was a success, the word "safe" left a deep impression on the people, and the lift gained public acceptance. However, Otis's business did not take off because of the show: in 1854, they sold only a few lifts; In 1855 only 15 were sold; Only 27 were sold in 1856, mostly for freight.

In March 1857, a passenger elevator, the first in the world, was installed in a shop on Broadway that specialized in French China and glassware. The lift is powered by steam, with a load capacity of 500 kg and a speed of about 12 metres per minute, allowing you to enjoy a beautiful view without discomfort.

It can be seen that the elevator is still used by minority groups, and the reason is nothing but the lack of driving force! The application of electric drive has undoubtedly improved this state of affairs. In 1889, the elevator began to be powered by electricity, which is the true elevator. In the drive control technology, the elevator has experienced DC motor drive control, AC single speed motor drive, AC double speed motor drive control. Dc with or without gear, gearless speed control drive control two, AC has experienced AC voltage regulation speed control drive control, AC variable voltage frequency speed control drive control, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor frequency control drive control and other stages. Dc elevator appeared at the end of the 19th century, followed by the 20th century out of the AC induction motor driven elevator, to the first half of the 20th century, in the middle and high speed elevator, DC speed regulation system occupies a large proportion.

Below we focus on the electric drive of the elevator, that is, the real sense of the development of the elevator. In 1900, an elevator driven by an alternating current motor was introduced. In 1902, Switzerland's Schindler company developed the world's first push-button escalator. The conveying capacity and safety of this elevator have been greatly improved, and the control mode is fully automatic.

In 1967, people used thyristor for elevator drive, AC voltage regulating speed drive control elevator appeared. In 1983, VVVF controlled elevator was born. Compared with previous elevators, VVVF has good speed regulation performance, energy saving and more comfortable, and has once become the mainstream product of elevator.

The development of elevators lifts freely

In 1996, elevator technology underwent another innovation: AC permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine driven by the machine room elevator appeared. This kind of elevator energy saving, no oil pollution, avoid the trouble of maintenance, safety performance is also high. The tractor and control cabinet are placed in the well, which saves the large area of independent machine room, saves the construction cost and increases the effective area of the building.

In May 2000, THE SchinDLER ELEVATOR COMPANY UNVEILED ITS NEW PRODUCT, THE MACHINE ROOM FREE ELEVATOR, WHICH USES HIGH STRENGTH SYNTHETIC FIBER TRACTION ROPE WITHOUT WIRE ROPE core TO PULL THE CAR. Each rope is made up of about 300,000 strands of fine fibers, but is four times lighter than a conventional wire rope. A graphite fiber conductor is embedded in the rope to monitor slight wear.

No room elevator is the highlight of the future development of elevator, there should be more developers will choose no room elevator, especially the fourth generation of no room elevator.

The development of elevators lifts freely

Escalator is a kind of elevator. The first real escalator in the world was successfully manufactured on July 9, 1899. The American designer Seiberg worked with Otis to improve it: a hardwood pedal with horizontal rungs, movable handrails and a comb plate.

It was a huge success at the International Exposition in Paris in 1900, as was the escalator designed by Jesse Reno.

In April 2002, MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION EXHIBITED A MODEL OF ESCALATOR RUNNING AT HIGH SPEED WITH INCLINED SECTION AT THE 5TH China INTERNATIONAL ELEVATOR EXHIBITION. Due to the hinged and telescopic drive rack structure, the interval of the steps can be changed during operation, resulting in a change in speed. The speed of the tilt section is 1.5 times that of the horizontal section of the entrance and exit, which not only shortens the ride time of passengers, but also improves the safety and stability of the ascending and descending escalator.

In 2003, Otis released a new version of its system. The technology was upgraded to a system of Guarded steps, where the steps and apron boards ran in coordination.

In our country, the first elevator was installed in 1901 in Shanghai, which was installed by American Otis company. Then, Tianjin became the second city to install elevator. In 1932, American Otis company installed elevator in Tianjin Lishunde Hotel, and it is still in safe operation.

Nowadays, elevator companies all over the world are still constantly carrying out R&D and maintenance of new elevator products. The world of elevator is becoming more and more rich and wonderful. Modern elevators with different forms and excellent functions are amazing. Variable speed walkway escalators save time for pedestrians, without exception, and are all more convenient for people's lives.